【從電影看圖博】達賴喇嘛十問（10 Questions for the Dalai Lama）〔下〕

《達賴喇嘛十問》（10 Questions for the Dalai Lama），我在去年九月中，也就是一年前，在鎮上的電影院看過。事隔一年了，我已忘了那十個問題是啥，也記不清達賴喇嘛的答案了。不過我仍很清楚記得達賴喇嘛爽朗的笑聲，以及天真不造作的神情姿態。

達賴喇嘛應該是全世界最受歡迎的宗教領袖，他的魅力還折服了許多西方的非佛教徒，迫使西方各領導人基於國內民意而多次不惜冒犯中共接見他。比起前兩部介紹的達賴喇嘛傳記記錄片把他當聖人來拍，《達賴喇嘛十問》更貼近真實的達賴喇嘛，把他從神台上放下來到和你我平等的位置。

許多中國人不瞭解為何達賴喇嘛在西方人當中會大受歡迎，或許他們該用平常心來看看《達賴喇嘛十問》吧。

以下是美國《時代》雜誌（Time）的Alex Perry專訪達賴喇嘛的十個問題，以及達賴喇嘛的簡單回答（來源，12/12修正）：

HOW IS THE SITUATION IN TIBET?
Despite some economic improvement and development, the threats to our cultural heritage, religious freedom and environment are serious. In the countryside, facilities in education and health are very, very poor. It's like the big gap in China proper between rich and poor.

IS THERE ANY REASON FOR OPTIMISM?
Many communist and authoritarian regimes have changed, including the Soviet Union, not by force but by their own people. These are positive developments. China [still has] the same system, but much is changing. Freedom of information, religious freedom and freedom of the press are much better. So on that level, the situation in Tibet is hopeful. Today quite a number of [Chinese] people are showing an interest in the preservation of Tibetan culture and spirituality.

HOW IS YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH BEIJING?
We renewed direct contact with Beijing three years ago. We're not expecting some major breakthrough--the Tibetan issue is very complicated, and China is oversuspicious and very cautious. It will take time. However, meeting face to face is very, very important.

YOU'VE FACED SOME CRITICISM FOR GIVING UP TIBET'S FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE.
Some Tibetans accuse me of selling out their right to independence. But my approach is in our interest. Tibet is backward. It's a big land, rich in natural resources, but we lack the technology or expertise [to exploit them]. So if we remain within China, we might get a greater benefit, provided it respects our culture and environment and gives us some kind of guarantee.

SOME SAY CHINA IS WAITING FOR YOU TO DIE.
There are two opinions. Some say, Yes, once the Dalai Lama passes away, the whole Tibetan issue will die. Another opinion is that the grievance will still be there or will even become stronger, but there will be no one to guide and persuade Tibetans, [so] Tibet becomes more difficult to handle. Which is correct? I do not know. Wait until my death. [Laughs.] Then reality will answer.

WOULD THE COHESION OF THE TIBETAN COMMUNITY DISAPPEAR WITHOUT YOU?
The Tibetan issue is the issue of a nation. So when one individual passes away, that is a certain setback. But since it's an issue of a nation, so long as the nation remains, the issue will remain.

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE POSITION OF THE DALAI LAMA AFTER YOU?
The institution of the Dalai Lama, and whether it should continue or not, is up to the Tibetan people. If they feel it is not relevant, then it will cease. But if I die today, I think they will want another Dalai Lama. Will the Chinese accept this? [No,] the Chinese government most probably will appoint another Dalai Lama, like it did with the Panchen Lama. Then there will be two Dalai Lamas--one, the Dalai Lama of the Tibetan heart, and one that is officially appointed.

IF INTERNATIONAL INTEREST AND PRESSURE ARE NOT MAINTAINED, DOES CHINA WIN?
China is already in a win-win situation in any case. It already controls Tibet. [Laughs.] But what do you mean by win or lose? This is complicated. We're not suggesting separation, [but] that Tibet becomes more prosperous within China.

HOW MUCH HAS EXILE COST YOU PERSONALLY?
Of course, I lost my own country, and for more than 45 years I have been stateless. But I think I've had a very good opportunity to learn new things, including other traditions.

HOW DO YOU SEE THE FUTURE?
If you look at the Tibet situation locally, then it's hopeless. But from a wider perspective, it's hopeful. [These are] my last words on this. Not bad.

《達賴喇嘛十問》（10 Questions for the Dalai Lama）：


10 Questions for the Dalai Lama Part 5 of 9


10 Questions for the Dalai Lama Part 6 of 9


10 Questions for the Dalai Lama Part 7 of 9


10 Questions for the Dalai Lama Part 8 of 9


10 Questions for the Dalai Lama Part 9 of 9


延伸閱讀：

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴喇嘛十問（10 Questions for the Dalai Lama）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】序

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】小活佛（Little Buddha）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】小活佛（Little Buddha）〔下〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】活佛（Living Buddha）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】活佛（Living Buddha）〔下〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】火線大逃亡（（Seven Years in Tibet）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】火線大逃亡（（Seven Years in Tibet）〔下〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴喇嘛－圖博之魂（（Dalai Lama: The Soul of Tibet）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】流亡中的慈悲（Compassion in Exile: The Life of the 14th Dalai Lama）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔壹〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔貳〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔叁〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔肆〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔伍〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔陸〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴的一生（Kundun）〔柒〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】達賴喇嘛解說「四聖諦」（The Four Noble Truths）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】西藏日記（Tibet Diary）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】圖博臥底（Undercover in Tibet）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】圖博精神的存活（Tibet : The Survival of the Spirit）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】圖博精神的存活（Tibet : The Survival of the Spirit）〔下〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】西藏的天空（Vajra Sky over Tibet）〔上〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】西藏的天空（Vajra Sky over Tibet）〔下〕

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】不再恐懼（Leaving Fear Behind）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】雪獅之泣（Tibet: Cry of the Snow Lion）

The Sky of Gene - 【從電影看圖博】西藏諜影（The Shadow Circus : The CIA in Tibet）


相關網站：

台灣圖博之友會~Taiwan Friends of Tibet

Friends of Tibet

西藏之頁

圖博流亡政府官網

達賴喇嘛西藏宗教基金會

Students for a Free Tibet

Support Team Tibet

Tibetan Youth Congress

Tibetcity

國際聲援西藏運動ICT

March 10

西藏人權與民主中心

世界是平的?

六四播客

唯色部落格